#1 Windfarms are usually situated far away from cities and require a lot of infrastructure, hence it requires significant investment of capital, resources, and time.
#2 Since, it requires strong winds for wind energy systems to be viable. The number of locations having such weather conditions during all the months of the year is geographically limited, reducing the scope of the technology.
#3 Wind turbines produce a lot of noise, and there is a “not in my background” (NIMBY) effect associated with it – people do not want wind turbines close to where they live. Also, the visual aspect of the landscape is impacted.

Off-shore wind turbines offer a lot of potential, but they come up with an extra cost than on-shore wind turbines. Future developments are required to solve these challenges.