#1 Challenge for solar energy can be linked to the basic principle of economics “supply and demand” – there is a little peak in demand for energy early in the morning and a huge rise in the evening. In contrast, solar energy generation is maximum during the afternoon.
#2 Challenge is that the production of silicon which is a key component of solar panels requires a lot of energy and releases a lot emissions additionally the manufacturing of pure silicon results in the formation of silicon tetrachloride which is extremely toxic.
#3 Challenge is related to the area required to put the solar panels, since the average efficiency of the currently available technology of solar panels is 19.2% (NREL), we need a large amount of land to meet the world energy demand from solar, however, it is very small compared to the area of forest destroyed in the past decade.

It is true that solar energy comes with some challenges but there has been much advancement in the technology in the last decade and the cost of energy produced by solar has fallen drastically and is comparable to fossil fuel now. An improvement in efficiency and increased energy storage is necessary to meet the demands.